What is scleroderma?

Scleroderma is characterized as an autoimmune disease that leads to the thickening and tightening of the skin. In this condition, the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own tissues, resulting in fibrosis or scarring. This process can also affect internal organs and blood vessels, leading to further complications beyond just skin changes. The hallmark symptoms of scleroderma include hard, thickened skin, which can cause discomfort and mobility issues.

In contrast, the other options refer to different medical conditions: a skin infection involves pathogens causing harm to the skin; skin cancer typically arises from abnormal growth of skin cells; and a benign skin condition does not involve the autoimmune response or lead to significant health complications like scleroderma does. By understanding scleroderma as an autoimmune disease specifically affecting the skin and potentially other body systems, one can appreciate the systemic implications it may carry for individuals diagnosed with it.