What is the acid known for exfoliation, anti-microbial, and anti-inflammatory benefits?

Salicylic acid is well-known for its exfoliating properties, particularly in the context of treating acne and oily skin. It is a beta hydroxy acid (BHA) that penetrates the pores, helping to dissolve excess oil and dead skin cells, which effectively reduces the formation of acne and helps clear existing breakouts.

In addition to its exfoliating benefits, salicylic acid also exhibits anti-microbial properties, making it effective against the bacteria that can contribute to acne development. This combination of exfoliation and antibacterial action helps to not only clear the skin but also to prevent future breakouts.

Moreover, salicylic acid has anti-inflammatory properties, which can help reduce redness and swelling associated with acne and other inflammatory skin conditions. This characteristic makes it a preferred choice in many skincare products aimed at promoting clearer, healthier skin.

The other acids listed, while they have their own benefits, do not span the same range of exfoliation, anti-microbial effects, and anti-inflammatory benefits as salicylic acid does.